THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF BVAS IN NIGERIA ELECTORAL PROCESS

Nigeria's electoral process has long been challenged by issues of transparency, identity fraud, and multiple voting, which undermine public trust in democracy. To address these concerns, the adoption of a robust voter authentication system is crucial. This study examines the implementation of Biometric Voter Authentication Systems (BVAS) as a solution to enhance the credibility, security, and efficiency of elections in Nigeria. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyses existing literature, case studies from other countries, and reports on Nigeria’s electoral process to assess the effectiveness of BVAS. Findings indicate that BVAS significantly reduces identity fraud, minimises multiple voting, and improves the accuracy of voter verification. The system strengthens electoral integrity, thereby fostering greater public confidence in election outcomes. The adoption of BVAS aligns with international best practices and has the potential to reinforce democratic institutions in Nigeria by ensuring a more transparent and accountable electoral process. To maximise its impact, nationwide deployment, voter education, adequate training for election officials, and a strong legal framework are recommended. This study contributes to the discourse on electoral reforms in Nigeria by providing empirical evidence on the benefits of biometric voter authentication. Its findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, electoral bodies, and researchers interested in improving election credibility. Implementing BVAS is a crucial step toward an accountable and fraud-free electoral system, ensuring accurate voter identification, reducing electoral malpractices, and strengthening Nigeria’s democracy.